Re: [心得] 舷側齊射炮術的發展 Part I
※ 引述《helldog (媽寶地狗)》之銘言:
: 火炮與槳帆船的作者在這篇文
: https://www.angelfire.com/ga4/guilmartin.com/Weapons.html
: 中說
: Pieces (c) to (g) are probably representative of most cannon used as main centerline bowgun on Mediterranean war galleys from the 1530s until Lepanto.
: C到G,可能在地中海戰爭被大量使用,其中G就是蛇怪炮;
: Smaller pedreros, usually from twelve to fifty pounders, were used extensively at sea.
: 小型的蛇怪炮(pedreros是蛇怪炮的西班牙文)在海戰中被大量使用。
: -----
你看一下上下文,
those designed to fire a stone projectile and those designed to fire a
projectile of cast iron. The first of these, called pedreros by the
Christians, were cast with an integral powder chamber of reduced diameter,
usually about a third to a half that of the bore
文中講述的pedreros是討論石彈為主的炮。
而且名字就石頭的意思,piedra,不可能翻譯到蛇怪那線,
只是可能因為都是石頭彈藥所以歸類重疊。
c到g是說,可能被用在galley作為中線主炮。
其中最大的是奧圖曼的石彈炮pedreros(56pdr),
~~~
回到舷側那篇文,那邊作者的確用了basilisk,
但他也給了蠻明確的特性敘述。
heavy gun on a fixed mounting right forward. Initially these guns were long
wrought-iron breech-loaders of the type known as 'basilisks',
but by the opening years of the sixteenth century they were being
replaced by cast bronze muzzle-loaders firing
anything from 30 to 60-pound ball (or stone shot of equivalent calibre).
他這邊說的是一種熟鐵打造,炮尾裝彈的炮,被稱作basilisks。
在稍後,這種中線炮才改用青銅造,炮口裝填的款式,彈重在30~60磅,
(這邊就符合前文說的c~g的種類。)
~~
老實說火炮名詞的分類確蠻謎的,
尤其basilisk本身作為一個很潮的字,很容易被套到同時代的巨炮身上。
https://imgur.com/51SWKUr
在這張英國火炮分類裡面的是一個磅數略低於culverin的款式
https://imgur.com/lHaRg84
在西班牙二級火炮裡面屬於攻城用的巨炮類別
https://imgur.com/WlEPTlo
威尼斯的這款其實最符合前面作者描述的定義,
熟鐵+後裝,口徑在15~16CM,似乎發射鉛彈。
長度頗驚人,但口徑其實還好。
如果直接套英國那張表,同等口徑的武器的彈重最多到26磅。
或許是作為一個特規武器但性能卻沒決定性差異,
所以在galley上的角色,技術進步下,
被culverin然後是更制式的coursier取代。
我自己也挺好奇詳細的性能和破壞力,
隨著取代,到底是有各種考量下的取捨,還是整體增強。
--
我知道pedreros的意思是射石頭的炮,但問題是早期的火炮
也是射石頭,你總不能說轟擊砲也是pedreros吧;John Fran
cis Guilmartin口中的pedreros,全是像蛇怪炮一樣的長倍
徑火炮,所以我認為這詞所說的炮,是偏向蛇怪炮、蛇炮那
一種的。
但他文中這樣寫: As a result, pedreros were considerably shorter and lighter than cannon designed to throw an iron cannonball of equal weight. 同等重量彈重,射石炮優點是可以較輕較短。 另外你自己看圖c~g,反而是g比較粗短,也不符合所謂長倍徑說法。 同一文中,至少存在著, 1.概念上使用石彈的射石炮, 2.作為一種原始設計上用來射石的射石炮之炮型設計, 3.還有最後一種特定規制典型的射石炮。 總之這一塊名詞要十分小心,看前後脈絡,容易碰上一詞多義的情況。
※ 編輯: fw190a (203.77.59.115 臺灣), 01/01/2023 22:16:412
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