[外電] 了解Aaron Judge第一節肋骨的疲勞性骨折

來源: Forbes
網址: https://tinyurl.com/wpfh97l

Understanding Aaron Judge’s First Rib Stress Fracture
了解Aaron Judge第一節肋骨的疲勞性骨折

The New York Yankees just can’t seem to escape from the clutches of the
dreaded injury bug.
洋基似乎沒有辦法逃脫病痛的籠罩。

Yankee’s manager Aaron Boone announced Friday afternoon that 2017 Rookie o f
the Year and MVP runner-up Aaron Judge will be sidelined for at least the
next two weeks after a thorough examination of the right pectoral region
discovered a stress fracture of the first rib. Surgical intervention has not
been ruled out, though Judge will undergo a re-evaluation in the near future
to determine its need, according to James Wagner of The New York Times.
洋基總教練Aaron Boone星期五下午宣布，在經過完整的檢查後，這位2017年ROY以及MVP投票第二名的Aaron Judge的右邊胸部位置發現第一節肋骨有疲勞性骨折(Stress fracture)。目前不排除可能需要手術，但是根據紐時記者James Wagner報導，Judge會在最近再次接受評估，決定是否要接受手術。

Stress fractures are the most severe injury on the stress injury continuum
and occur when the cells that repair bone - osteoblasts - are unable to keep
pace with the cells that break down bone - osteoclasts - after the bone has
been exposed to high amounts of repetitive stress. Stress fractures evolve
from untreated or under-treated stress reactions, which often present with
dull, aching pain or, in some cases, may not have significant symptoms at all.疲勞性骨折是當持續性壓力損傷所造成的最嚴重的傷害，當骨頭持續遭受到大量重複性的損傷時，修補骨頭的細胞--成骨細胞--跟不上那些在破壞骨頭的細胞--蝕骨細胞--的速度時，就會產生疲勞性骨折。疲勞性骨折起因來自於沒有治療或治療不夠的壓力反應，症狀會有鈍痛，在某些狀況，可能根本就沒有明顯症狀。

Stress fractures are common in the foot, shin, hip, and low back among
athletes, however, stress fractures of the rib are relatively rare; previous
research has reported that stress injuries of the ribs and upper extremity
account for less than 10% of all stress fractures among athletes and
non-athletes combined. A study published in 2012 found that 13 out of 70
(18.6%) rib and upper extremity stress fractures among athletes participatingin various sports occurred in the first rib; three of the 14 stress fracturesdeveloped by overhead athletes occurred in the first rib.
疲勞性骨折常出現在運動員的腳，小腿，髖骨，以及下背，出現在肋骨極為罕見。之前的研究顯示肋骨以及上肢的疲勞性骨折佔全部運動員以及非運動員案例裡不到10%。一個2012的研究顯示，在70個各種領域運動員有在肋骨以及上肢疲勞性骨折的案例中，13個(18.6%)是出現在第一節肋骨。14個主要用身體上半部的運動員有疲勞性骨折的案例中，有三個是發生在第一節肋骨。

The first rib is located underneath the collar bone and attaches to the
sternum - or breast bone - in the front and the first thoracic vertebrae in
the back. The scalene muscles of the neck, intercostal muscles of the rib
cage, and the serratus anterior muscle of the shoulder complex all attach to
the first rib. “Repetitive overhead positioning of the arm” activates these
muscles, placing a fair amount of stress through the first rib.
第一節肋骨是在鎖骨底下，前面連接胸骨，後面接到第一節胸椎。頸部的斜角肌，胸廓的肋間肌，以及肩關節的前鋸齒肌都會接到第一節肋骨上。"持續重複的上肢動作"會用到這些肌肉，這會對第一節肋骨造成很多的壓力傷害。

Pain produced from stress injury of the first rib often radiates to the
shoulder and pectoralis region - as was the case with Judge - and is best
diagnosed with MRI or CT scan. First rib stress fractures can often be
successfully treated conservatively with rest, addressing any muscle strengthand/or flexibility impairments, and immobilization if needed. If symptoms
persist for greater than a month, surgical intervention - including
stabilizing the rib with pins - may be considered, though it is rarely - but
not never - needed. Recovery for first rib stress fractures is variable and
doesn’t lend itself well to specific timelines.
因為第一節肋骨的壓力傷害所產生的疼痛會出現在肩膀以及胸部--就像是Judge所感覺到的--最好的診斷方式是利用核磁共振或電腦斷層。第一節肋骨的疲勞性損傷通常可以藉由保守性治療就可以痊癒，像是休息，修補肌肉強度或者彈性損耗，若是需要的話可能就要固定。若症狀持續超過一個月，外科治療--包括用釘子固定肋骨--就可能需要考慮了，儘管很少見--但不是沒有。第一節肋骨疲勞性骨折的恢復每個人都不一樣，所以沒辦法有個時間表可以看。

Judge’s injury is just the latest in a string of bad luck for the Yankees.
Star pitcher Luis Severino recently underwent Tommy John surgery on his rightelbow, which will sideline him for the entirety of the upcoming season, and
lefty James Paxton will be out until May or June following a microdiscectomy
procedure earlier this spring. Fellow outfielder Giancarlo Stanton is dealingwith a grade 1 strain of his right calf. Yankees general manager Brian
Cashman suspects that neither Judge nor Stanton will return to the lineup by
Opening Day. The Yankees begin their season on March 26th on the road againstthe Baltimore Orioles.
Judge的傷勢只是洋基霉運的最新一個。明星投手Luis Severino右手肘接受了Tommy John手術，接下來這一季都沒辦法上場。左投James Paxton則是在春訓時接受了椎間盤切除手術，要休息到五月或六月。外野手Giancarlo Stanton則是得處理他右小腿的一級拉傷。總管Brian Cashman懷疑Judge跟Stanton兩個在開幕那天可能都回不來。洋基會在3/26打本季第一場比賽，會到金鶯客場出賽。
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梅子的惡運轉到洋基?

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#1RelwrS2 (MLB)
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